{"id":2893,"date":"2022-02-12T23:04:15","date_gmt":"2022-02-13T04:04:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/?p=2893"},"modified":"2025-03-19T20:42:03","modified_gmt":"2025-03-20T01:42:03","slug":"enslaved-person-led-british-invaders-into-an-ambush","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/enslaved-person-led-british-invaders-into-an-ambush\/","title":{"rendered":"Enslaved Person Led British Invaders into an Ambush"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

When the War of 1812 arrived on the Chesapeake Bay, it created opportunities for enslaved people to flee <\/a>with the British to freedom. The invaders liberated some 4,000 people and “used several hundred in their army in a special unit known as the Colonial Marines,” according to the National Park Service.<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

As the British offensive moved into the northern Chesapeake in April 1813, about nineteen percent of the people in Cecil County were enslaved. Of these 2,467 individuals at least one, Hetty Boulden, held as property by Frisby Henderson of Frenchtown, helped the local militia turn the British back during the attack on the Elk River. Boulden faced great personal risk in undertaking this action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In some incidental old newspaper sketches that faded from memory long ago, her story had been mentioned. But as time moved on historians largely forgot it in the written volumes about the past in this area. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thus as the Historic Elk Landing Foundation started seeking to develop its interpretations of the site, the nonprofit foundation commissioned a study to assess and further research the narrative to see what could be determined from those few elusive traces. So I undertook a study of the questions centered around Hetty Boulden and her life. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Part of the strategy of the Historic Elk Landing Foundation <\/a>(HELF) was to develop historically accurate character interpretations of individuals directly associated with the British incursion on the Upper Elk River in April 1813. HELF was particularly concerned with presenting some underrepresented accounts involving people passed over by the customary local historiography. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

There was an assortment of individuals who could have been integrated into this cohort of additional, including women, African Americans, enslaved people, indentured servants, immigrants, and society outcasts, if carefully sourced clues could be developed to trace the narratives back through time. But using an evidence-based standard Boulden presented the strongest narrative, based on available traces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Elk<\/a>
The stone house at Elk Landing was built around 1800 (source: Mike Dixon)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Hetty Boulden Report<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Thus, this r<\/a>eport, prepared at the request of HELF investigated the life\u00ad story of this Cecil County citizen, using customary research methods and evidentiary guidelines to develop proof points and flush out determinations supported by the historical record. The investigation confirmed that an African American female by the name of Hetty or Hettie Boulden lived in Cecil County for most of the 19th century. Also, there is evidence to support the narratives that she was present when the British came up the River and that she was involved in misdirecting and helping to resist the enemy’s advance on Elkton.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The full report provides the details and assesses the validity and reliability of the evidentiary traces that were discovered during this investigation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

When the War of 1812 arrived on the Chesapeake Bay, it created opportunities for enslaved people to flee with the British to freedom. The invaders liberated some 4,000 people and “used several hundred in their army in a special unit known as the Colonial Marines,” according to the National Park Service. As the British offensive…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[205],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2893","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-african-american-history"],"yoast_head":"\nEnslaved Person Led British Invaders into an Ambush - Mike's History Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hetty Boulden, an enslaved person living in Cecil County led the invading War of 1812 British raiding party into a trap at Elkton.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/enslaved-person-led-british-invaders-into-an-ambush\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Enslaved Person Led British Invaders into an Ambush - 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Its railroads, rivers, canals, and roads made the county a natural crossroads for enslaved people moving north across the upper Chesapeake in search of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "African American History"","block_context":{"text":"African American History","link":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/category\/african-american-history\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/augustine-481982095_652751454110932_4992332984819455036_n.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/augustine-481982095_652751454110932_4992332984819455036_n.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/augustine-481982095_652751454110932_4992332984819455036_n.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/augustine-481982095_652751454110932_4992332984819455036_n.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":195,"url":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/in-the-dead-of-night-we-would-be-aroused-by-the-cry-the-british-are-coming-constructing-stories-about-the-war-of-1812-from-seldom-used-primary-documents\/","url_meta":{"origin":2893,"position":1},"title":"Presentation for MD War of 1812 Bicentennial Commission: Constructing Interpretive Stories From Primary Documents","author":"Mike","date":"December 19, 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"The Maryland War of 1812 Bicentennial Commission, the State Tourism Office, and the National Park Service are preparing to celebrate the Bicentennial of the War of 1812.\u00a0 To plan cultural tourism and educational initiatives\u00a0commemorating Maryland\u2019s contribution to the defense and heritage of the nation, the agencies presented the \u201cHead of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Programs"","block_context":{"text":"Programs","link":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/category\/programs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":657,"url":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/an-old-man-recalled-the-british-attack-on-fredericktown-and-georgetown-during-war-of-1812\/","url_meta":{"origin":2893,"position":2},"title":"An Old Man Recalled the British Attack on Fredericktown and Georgetown During War of 1812","author":"Mike","date":"May 1, 2012","format":false,"excerpt":"In constructing the annals of a time when harrowing warfare came to communities all along the Chesapeake Bay I\u2019ve\u00a0 spent lots of time searching for long forgotten manuscripts and newspapers that were penned long ago.\u00a0 These aging letters, newspaper accounts, diaries and other sources from everyday people open a window\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "War of 1812"","block_context":{"text":"War of 1812","link":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/category\/war-of-1812\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/delmarvahistory.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/04\/war-of-1812-hdg.jpg?w=350&h=200&crop=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":623,"url":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/opening-a-window-on-history-a-letter-provides-a-personal-glimpse-on-the-war-of-1812\/","url_meta":{"origin":2893,"position":3},"title":"Opening a Window on History: A Letter Provides a Personal Glimpse on the War of 1812","author":"Mike","date":"April 11, 2012","format":false,"excerpt":"While historians learn about the past in many ways, one of the most exciting can be reading letters that were penned long ago.\u00a0 You never know what these private communications from another age are going to reveal or where they\u2019re going to come from.\u00a0 Sometimes these pieces of paper have\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Research Resources"","block_context":{"text":"Research Resources","link":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/category\/research-resources\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/cecilcounty.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/04\/elkton-113.jpg?w=350&h=200&crop=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":5160,"url":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/book-of-negroes\/","url_meta":{"origin":2893,"position":4},"title":"A Valuable Resource for Studying African American History: “The Book of Negroes”","author":"Mike","date":"August 2, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"\"The Book of Negroes\" is an essential resource for those researching African American genealogy and slavery during the American Revolution. The British meticulously compiled this enumeration during their evacuation of New York at the end of the war in 1783. The ledger contains detailed information about approximately 3,000 self-emancipated and\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "African American History"","block_context":{"text":"African American History","link":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/category\/african-american-history\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/2023-08-03_09-22-34.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/2023-08-03_09-22-34.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/2023-08-03_09-22-34.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/2023-08-03_09-22-34.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/2023-08-03_09-22-34.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":947,"url":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/speaking-about-spreading-the-news-during-the-war-of-1812-on-the-chesapeake\/","url_meta":{"origin":2893,"position":5},"title":"Speaking About Spreading the News During the War of 1812 on the Chesapeake","author":"Mike","date":"March 16, 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"Two-hundred years ago, news of a national or regional emergency moved only as fast as someone could carry the message.\u00a0 So when the British entered the Bay and we found ourselves on the frontline of the War of 1812, those urgent dispatches containing critical information came by word of mouth\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/cecilcounty.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/04\/war-1812-newspaper-elk1.jpg?w=350&h=200&crop=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2893","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2893"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2893\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2893"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2893"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2893"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}