{"id":2054,"date":"2019-06-19T18:43:41","date_gmt":"2019-06-19T23:43:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/?p=2054"},"modified":"2025-01-03T22:21:01","modified_gmt":"2025-01-04T03:21:01","slug":"sheriff-was-the-hangman","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/sheriff-was-the-hangman\/","title":{"rendered":"When the Sheriff was the Hangman"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

A LECTURE — For the Hereditary Order of the Signers of the Bush Declaration, I was recently asked to examine the era in our criminal justice system when the sheriff was the county executioner or hangman. This gruesome responsibility was eventually centralized in the state prison systems, but the duty remained in the hands of local lawmen until the 20th century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"the
A program about the time when the sheriff was the hangman or executioner<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

In 1906, the State of New Jersey took on the responsibility for executing the condemned, while Maryland took similar action in 1922. I drew on archival and fieldwork involved with examining crime and punishment in the 18th, 19th and early 20th century, for the lecture. This included working with long unexamined coroner’s inquests, court proceeding — death warrants, pleas, motions, and trial transcripts — dockets, and police blotters to develop an understanding of how local law enforcement carried out the grim task for centuries. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
The sheriff was the hangman when they executed John Brown in Hagerstown on June 30, 1916. (Photo Credit: Postcard Courtesy of the Western Maryland Room at the Washington County Free Library).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

For more on when the sheriff was the Executioner<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

When the Sheriff was the Hangman <\/a>— more information oh these and other photos related to this era.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Photographing an Execution <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A LECTURE — For the Hereditary Order of the Signers of the Bush Declaration, I was recently asked to examine the era in our criminal justice system when the sheriff was the county executioner or hangman. This gruesome responsibility was eventually centralized in the state prison systems, but the duty remained in the hands of…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[206],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2054","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-criminal-justice"],"yoast_head":"\nWhen the Sheriff was the Hangman - Mike's History Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This program looks at the time when the sheriff was the hangman. 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Once the wheels of justice turned and the bench handed down the death\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"Salem County NJ Jail","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/salem-jail.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/salem-jail.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/salem-jail.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/salem-jail.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1874,"url":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/hangings-in-salem-county-nj\/","url_meta":{"origin":2054,"position":1},"title":"Hangings by the Salem County Sheriff","author":"Mike","date":"May 17, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"It was a gruesome, emotionally draining responsibility, one most officials preferred to elude on their watch, but occasionally the Salem County Executioner had to carry out a hanging. Once the wheels of justice turned and the bench handed down the death warrant the ghastly duty, dispatching a condemned man, fell\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"Salem County, courthouse, criminal justice","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/salem-old-courthouse-300x225.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":7593,"url":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/capital-punishment-in-new-jersey\/","url_meta":{"origin":2054,"position":2},"title":"History of Capital Punishment in New Jersey: A Talk at the Library","author":"Mike","date":"January 3, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"WHEN THE SHERIFF WAS THE EXECUTIONER THE HISTORY OF CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN NEW JERSEY PROGRAM AT THE AVALON FREE LIBRARY JAN. 11, 2025 @ 1 p.m. by Mike Dixon 235 32nd St., AVALON, NJ 08202 This program explores the complex history of capital punishment in New Jersey. The talk begins\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Criminal Justice"","block_context":{"text":"Criminal Justice","link":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/category\/criminal-justice\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Peru.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Peru.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Peru.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Peru.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":7355,"url":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/atlantic-county-jail-executions\/","url_meta":{"origin":2054,"position":3},"title":"The Atlantic County Jail","author":"Mike","date":"August 30, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"As part of my ongoing research on the history of capital punishment in New Jersey, I recently completed fieldwork along the Jersey Shore. This included visiting various county courthouses, where I examined 19th-century court records. I also visited historic jails and local historical societies. Last week, I focused specifically on\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Criminal Justice"","block_context":{"text":"Criminal Justice","link":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/category\/criminal-justice\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/20240824_102356aa-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/20240824_102356aa-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/20240824_102356aa-1.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/20240824_102356aa-1.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/20240824_102356aa-1.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/20240824_102356aa-1.jpg?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":7443,"url":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/hangmans-noose\/","url_meta":{"origin":2054,"position":4},"title":"The Hangman’s Noose: Unraveling a Piece of Material Culture","author":"Mike","date":"September 7, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"While researching the history of capital punishment in New Jersey, a peculiar artifact in the catalog of collections at the Atlantic County Historical Society caught my attention:\u00a0 the hangman\u2019s noose with its twisted fibers and knots.1 This seemingly simple object, a piece of material culture, embodies a complex history that\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Criminal Justice"","block_context":{"text":"Criminal Justice","link":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/category\/criminal-justice\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/noose-001_1961018001-002-003-3.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/noose-001_1961018001-002-003-3.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/noose-001_1961018001-002-003-3.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2416,"url":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/lamonte-cooke-kent-county-deputy\/","url_meta":{"origin":2054,"position":5},"title":"LaMonte Cooke Got His Start in the Old Days as a Rookie Kent County Deputy.","author":"Mike","date":"June 5, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Deputy LaMonte Cooke of the Kent County Sheriff\u2019s Office on Patrol When 25-year-old LaMonte Cooke, a Philadelphian, joined the Kent County Sheriff\u2019s Office in 1975, the entire seven-man force was white. \u201cThe day I interviewed for the deputy\u2019s job with Sheriff Bartus Vickers, he had four questions for me. He\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Criminal Justice"","block_context":{"text":"Criminal Justice","link":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/category\/criminal-justice\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/law-enforcement-cook-3.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/law-enforcement-cook-3.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/law-enforcement-cook-3.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/law-enforcement-cook-3.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/law-enforcement-cook-3.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2054","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2054"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2054\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2054"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2054"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dixonhistory.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2054"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}